Scaling up implementation of the E-MOTIVE bundle for early detection and management of postpartum haemorrhage emergencies: A scoping review

Abstract

Background: Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) remains a leading cause of maternal mortality globally. Effective management of PPH demands the implementation of E-MOTIVE bundle for early detection and management of PPH as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO).
Aim: The scoping review aimed to map evidence on the implementation of the E-MOTIVE bundle for early detection and management of PPH emergencies globally.
Methods: The review adopted the Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework (2005). Six databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and ProQuest) were searched for sources. The inclusion criteria consisted of full-text articles in English published between 2015 and 2025.
Results: A total of 14 articles were selected. The review revealed: 1. Types of PPH bundles, 2. Implementation strategies of E-MOTIVE bundle. 3. Barriers to effective implementation of the E-MOTIVE bundle.
Conclusion: A bundled care approach for the management of PPH following vaginal delivery has been shown to reduce adverse maternal outcomes because of PPH.
Contribution: The review addresses a critical gap in the implementation and suggests implementation strategies of the E-MOTIVE bundle, including objective blood loss estimation, scalable training, adoption to national policies and teamwork among the obstetric team.