Wellness profile of residents in urban retirement villages in the City of Johannesburg

Abstract

Background: Retirement is a significant life transition that often brings changes in daily routines, including health screening and levels of physical activity.
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the wellness profile of residents living in retirement villages.
Setting: This study was conducted in the City of Johannesburg.
Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study included 108 retirees from 7 retirement villages. To determine the wellness profile, biokinetic wellness screening tests were performed, including blood pressure, heart rate, rate pressure product, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), handgrip strength, sit-and-reach test and Apley’s back scratch test.
Results: The median age of the sample was 75 years. Significant variability was noted in the BMI measurement (25.35 kg/m²; IQR: 6.83), and the median rate pressure product (RPP) was 10 284 mmHg/min (IQR: 2962). Data revealed limited flexibility for Apley’s scratch test (-34; -31) and sit-and-reach test (0.00).
Conclusion: Strength was greater among male participants, while better flexibility but higher heart rates were recorded among females. Tailored interventions emphasising cardiovascular health, weight management and physical performance are recommended among retirees.
Contribution: This resource will guide policymakers, community managers and healthcare professionals in designing targeted interventions and inform future research on ageing and wellness in urban settings.