The dhikr and the mental health of the elderly in Aceh, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: The ageing population in Indonesia is increasing. However, biological and social changes and declines may trigger mental health problems among the elderly. Existing data show that the prevalence of mental health problems (depression) among the elderly in Indonesia is above 15%.

Aim: This study aims to investigate the relationship between the Majelis Zikir (dhikr assembly) and the mental health of the elderly.

Setting: The research was conducted in Aceh Barat District, Aceh Province, Indonesia.

Methods: This study uses a retrospective cohort design. The study sample consists of individuals aged 60 years or older. The total sample size was 114 (57 exposed and 57 unexposed groups). The research instrument was in the form of a questionnaire.

Results: The respondents had an average age of 67.61 years, with more females (63.2%), more educated (67.5%), more unemployed (71.1%) and 61.4% felt that their income was sufficient. The analysis showed that the relative risk value of members of the dhikr assembly was 1.857 (95% CI: 1.266–2.724) and showed a significant relationship between the dhikr assembly and mental health.

Conclusion: Dhikr, as one of the forms of religious activities in Islam, has a positive role in older people’s mental health. Elderly members of the dhikr assembly are likelier to achieve better mental health.

Contribution: The findings in this study can assist healthcare professionals and policymakers in their efforts to maintain and improve the mental health of the elderly through dhikr.